Meaning
Formal corporate action that sets aside a specific block of authorized unissued shares for future issuance under equity incentive plans or convertible instruments. Establishing a share reservation prevents enterprise equity dilution from exceeding approved charter boundaries and guarantees that equity exists to fulfill future stock option grants. The reservation terminates when allocated shares are fully issued, cancelled or formally unreserved by board resolution.
Option Pool
Board resolutions dedicate unissued equity to talent acquisition pools before recruitment offers occur. Managing a share reservation ensures that prospective hires receive binding equity grant offers without requiring immediate shareholder votes for each contract.
Cap Table
Equity allocation calculations directly influence corporate ownership percentages during financing negotiations. Institutional investors routinely mandate expanding the share reservation prior to investment rounds so that future employee equity dilutes existing shareholders rather than incoming capital. When boards calculate option pool sizes, they evaluate hiring plans for the subsequent eighteen months to avoid mid-cycle equity approvals.
Failing to reserve adequate shares can force emergency board actions that delay executive hires or require costly charter amendments. Proper corporate accounting tracks both reserved shares and active grants to prevent over-issuance errors on equity balance sheets.
Authorization Limit
Charter provisions limit the maximum number of shares corporate officers may promise to employees or advisors. Exceeding authorized share reservation thresholds renders issued option grants void under governing corporate statutes.