Meaning
Direct allocation of ownership units compensates contributors for their long term commitment to a venture. Founders use corporate share grants to align the interests of employees with the success of the business. The issuance stops once the authorized pool of shares is exhausted or the company reaches a stage where cash bonuses are more effective.
Issuance Trigger
Shares are typically released only when a specific milestone is met or a service period is completed. Corporate share grants require a formal resolution from the board of directors to authorize the creation of new equity. This step ensures that the total number of shares in circulation is always tracked by the company secretary.
Vesting Schedule
Participants earn their full interest in the company over a period of several years rather than receiving it all at once. Corporate share grants typically use a four year timeline with a one year cliff to ensure that contributors stay with the project. This structure prevents a person from leaving after only a few months with a large portion of the equity.
The company regains the unvested shares if the employee departs before the end of the term. Such a mechanism aligns the interests of the individual with the growth of the venture.
Tax Consequence
Receipt of equity triggers a requirement to report the fair market value of the shares as ordinary income to the authorities. When corporate share grants are issued at a low valuation, the immediate tax burden on the employee is small. If the value of the company rises before the grant is made, the recipient might face a large bill without having the cash to pay it.
Careful timing of the issuance helps to manage this liability for the team. The obligation remains with the individual even if the shares cannot be sold for several years.